Cellulose ke motsoako o fumanehang hohle oa tlhaho o fumanehang ka bongata tlholehong, o bapala karolo ea bohlokoa sebopehong le tšebetsong ea lintho tse fapaneng tse phelang le tikolohong. Thepa ea eona e ikhethang le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo ho lebisitse lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng ho pholletsa le liindasteri, e leng se etsang hore e be e 'ngoe ea li-biopolymer tsa bohlokoahali.
1.Mehloli ea Cellulose:
Cellulose haholo-holo e tsoa ho marako a lisele tsa semela, e sebetsang e le karolo ea sebopeho ka mokhoa oa microfibrils. E fumaneha maboteng a lisele tsa lisele tse fapaneng tsa semela, ho kenyelletsa lehong, k'hothone, hemp, folaxe, jute le tse ling tse ngata. Mehloli ena e fapana ka litaba tsa cellulose le tlhophiso ea meralo, e susumetsang ho tšoaneleha ha tsona lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng.
Wood: Wood ke o mong oa mehloli e mengata ea cellulose, e nang le lifate tse kang phaene, oak le spruce tse nang le palo e kholo ea biopolymer ena. E sebetsa e le karolo ea mantlha ea sebopeho maboteng a lisele tsa lisele tse nang le lehong, e fana ka matla le ho tiea ho semela.
K’hothone: Lithaele tsa k’hothone li entsoe hoo e batlang e le ka selulose ka ho feletseng, e leng se etsang hore e be thepa ea bohlokoa ea tlhahiso ea masela. Masela a malelele a mahlahahlaha a selulose a kenya letsoho ho matlafatseng, ho monyeng le ho hema ha masela a k'hothone, e leng se etsang hore e be a loketseng bakeng sa liaparo le masela a ntlo.
Hemp le Flax: Hemp le likhoele tsa folaxe le tsona ke mehloli e ruileng ea cellulose 'me esale e sebelisoa ho hlahisa masela. Likhoele tsena tsa tlhaho li fana ka nako e telele, thepa e thibelang mongobo, le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, e leng se etsang hore li tumme le ho feta ka masela a sa sebeliseng tikoloho.
Lintho Tse Ling Tsa Limela: Ntle ho mehloli e boletsoeng ka holimo, selulose e ka ntšoa linthong tse ling tse sa tšoaneng tsa limela tse kang bamboo, mokotla oa 'moba, setofo sa poone le masalla a temo. Mehloli ena e meng e kenya letsoho tlhahisong e tsitsitseng ea lihlahisoa tse entsoeng ka selulose ha e ntse e fokotsa ho itšetleha ka selulose ea setso e entsoeng ka lehong.
2. Lintho tsa Cellulose:
Cellulose e bonts'a thepa e 'maloa e ikhethang e kenyang letsoho ts'ebetsong ea eona e fapaneng:
Biodegradability: Cellulose e khona ho bola, ho bolelang hore e ka aroloa ke likokoana-hloko hore e be metsoako e bonolo e kang carbon dioxide le metsi. Thepa ena e etsa hore thepa e thehiloeng ho cellulose e be botsoalle tikolohong, haholo lits'ebetsong moo ho amehang ho lahloa le taolo ea litšila.
Hydrophilicity: Cellulose e na le kamano e phahameng ea limolek'hule tsa metsi ka lebaka la boteng ba lihlopha tsa hydroxyl sebopeho sa limolek'hule. Sebopeho sena sa hydrophilic se nolofalletsa lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho selulose ho monya le ho boloka metsi, ho etsa hore a tšoanelehe bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse joalo ka ho etsa pampiri, ho roala maqeba le lihlahisoa tsa bohloeki.
Matla a Mechini: Lithaele tsa cellulose li na le matla a matla a mochini, li fana ka nako e telele le ho tiea ha thepa e entsoeng ka tsona. Thepa ena e bohlokoa haholo lits'ebetsong tse hlokang bots'epehi ba sebopeho, joalo ka masela, likhomphutha le lihlahisoa tsa pampiri.
E ka nchafatsoa le ho tšoarella: Joalo ka biopolymer ea tlhaho e tsoang mehloling ea limela, cellulose e ka nchafatsoa hape e tšoarella. Tlhahiso ea eona ha e itšetlehe ka mehloli e sa feleng ea mafura 'me e ka kenya letsoho ho nkeng khabone ha e fumanoa merung e laoloang ka boikarabelo le mekhoa ea temo.
3. Litšebeliso tse fapaneng tsa Cellulose:
Cellulose e sebelisoa haholo liindastering tse fapaneng, ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo:
Pampiri le Sephutheloana: Mohlomong tšebeliso e tsebahalang haholo ea selulose ke tlhahisong ea pampiri le khateboto. Likhoele tsa cellulose ke tsona tse ka sehloohong tse sebelisoang ho etsa pampiri, tse fanang ka moralo oa sebopeho le litšoaneleho tsa bokaholimo tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ho ngola, ho hatisa le ho paka. Ntle le moo, lisebelisoa tsa ho paka tse thehiloeng ho cellulose li fana ka mekhoa e meng e bonolo ho eco-friendly ho liphutheloana tsa polasetiki tsa setso, tse kenyang letsoho boitekong ba ts'ebetso.
Masela le Liaparo: Lithaele tsa cellulose tse tsoang k'hothone, hemp, folaxe le mehloli e meng ea limela li ohloa hore e be likhoele ebe lia lohuoa kapa tsa lohuoa hore e be masela a liaparo, masela a lapeng le a liindasteri. Cotton, haholo-holo, ke fiber e sebelisoang haholo ka selulose indastering ea masela ka lebaka la bonolo, ho phefumoloha, le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo. Mekhoa e mecha ea mekhoa ea ho sebetsa e boetse e lebisitse ho nts'etsopele ea likhoele tse thehiloeng ho cellulose tse kang lyocell le modal, tse fanang ka thepa e ntlafetseng le melemo ea tikoloho.
Lisebelisoa tsa Biomedical: Lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho cellulose li na le ts'ebeliso lefapheng la biomedical, ho kenyelletsa le ho roala maqeba, li-scaffolds tsa boenjiniere ba lisele, mekhoa ea ho fana ka lithethefatsi le li-implants tsa bongaka. The biocompatibility le biodegradability ea cellulose e etsa hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse joalo, moo litšebelisano le litsamaiso tsa likokoana-hloko li leng bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso le polokeho.
Liindasteri tsa Lijo le Meriana: Li-derivatives tsa cellulose tse kang cellulose ethers (mohlala, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose) le cellulose esters (mohlala, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate) li fumana tšebeliso e le li-thickeners, stabilizers, emulsifiers, le li-emulsifiers tse hlahisang lifilimi lijong le litlhare. Li-additives tse thehiloeng ho selulose li ntlafatsa sebopeho, botsitso ba lishelefo, le tatso ea lihlahisoa tsa lijo ha li ntse li netefatsa katleho ea phano ea lithethefatsi le ho lekana ha litekanyetso mecheng ea meriana.
Matla a Tsosolositsoeng le Biofuel: Biomass e ruileng ea cellulose e sebetsa e le phepelo bakeng sa tlhahiso ea matla a ka nchafatsoang le biofuel ka lits'ebetso tse kang biomass gasification, fermentation, le enzymatic hydrolysis. Cellulose ethanol, e nkiloeng ho senyeha ha cellulose, e fana ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng oa ho sebelisa mafura a mafura 'me e tlatsetsa ho fokotsa ho tsoa ha likhase tse futhumatsang lefatše.
Lisebelisoa tse Kopanetsoeng: Likhoele tsa cellulose li kenyellelitsoe lisebelisoa tse kopantsoeng ho ntlafatsa thepa ea mochini joalo ka matla, ho satalla le ho hanyetsa tšusumetso. Likarolo tsena tse thehiloeng ho cellulose li fumana lits'ebetso ho likarolo tsa koloi, thepa ea kaho, thepa ea ka tlung le thepa ea lipapali, tse fanang ka mefuta e meng e bobebe le e bonolo ea tikoloho ho thepa e tloaelehileng.
Cellulose, joalo ka biopolymer ea tlhaho e fumanehang ka bongata maboteng a lisele tsa semela, e na le thepa e ikhethang le lits'ebetso tse fapaneng ho pholletsa le liindasteri. Ho tloha ho ho etsa pampiri le masela ho ea ho lisebelisoa tsa biomedical le matla a tsosolositsoeng, cellulose e kenya letsoho ntlafatsong e tsitsitseng le boqapi mafapheng a fapaneng. Liphuputso tse tsoelang pele le tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ts'ebetsong le ts'ebeliso ea cellulose li na le tšepiso ea ho atolosa lits'ebetso tsa eona le ho rarolla mathata a lefats'e a amanang le paballo ea lisebelisoa le ts'ebeliso ea tikoloho. Ha sechaba se ntse se tsoela pele ho etelletsa pele botsitso le tlhokomelo ea tikoloho, lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho cellulose li ikemiselitse ho bapala karolo e ntseng e eketseha ea ho theha bokamoso bo botala le bo tsitsitseng.
Nako ea poso: Mar-06-2024