Kakaretso:
1. Ho kolobisa le ho qhalakanya
2. Defoamer
3. Thickener
4. Li-additives tse etsang lifilimi
5. Anti-corrosion, anti-mildew le anti-algae agent
6. Lisebelisoa tse ling
1 Setsi sa ho kolobisa le ho qhalakanya:
Liaparo tse entsoeng ka metsi li sebelisa metsi e le motsoako oa ho qhibiliha kapa oa ho qhalakanngoa, 'me metsi a na le matla a mangata a dielectric, kahoo liphahlo tse entsoeng ka metsi li tsitsisoa haholo-holo ke ho khelosoa ha electrostatic ha lera la motlakase le habeli le fetana. Ho phaella moo, tsamaisong ea ho roala e thehiloeng metsing, hangata ho na le li-polymers le li-non-ionic surfactants, tse kentsoeng ka holim'a pigment filler, ho etsa tšitiso ea steric le ho tsitsisa ho qhalakanngoa. Ka hona, lipente tse thehiloeng metsing le li-emulsions li finyella liphello tse tsitsitseng ka ketso e kopanetsoeng ea electrostatic repulsion le tšitiso ea steric. Bothata ba eona ke ho hanyetsa electrolyte, haholo-holo bakeng sa li-electrolyte tsa theko e phahameng.
1.1 Moemeli oa metsi
Lisebelisoa tsa ho kolobisa bakeng sa ho roala ka metsi li arotsoe ka anionic le nonionic.
Motsoako oa moemeli oa ho kolobisa le moemeli oa ho qhalakanya o ka finyella liphello tse ntle. Palo ea sesebelisoa sa ho kolobisa hangata ke tse seng kae ho sekete. Phello ea eona e mpe ke ho foaming le ho fokotsa ho hanyetsa metsi ha filimi ea ho roala.
E 'ngoe ea mekhoa ea nts'etsopele ea li-agent tsa ho kolobisa ke ho nkela sebaka sa polyoxyethylene alkyl (benzene) phenol ether (APEO kapa APE) butle-butle, hobane e lebisa ho fokotseha ha lihomone tsa banna ho likhoto le ho kena-kenana le endocrine. Polyoxyethylene alkyl (benzene) phenol ethers e sebelisoa haholo joalo ka emulsifier nakong ea emulsion polymerization.
Li-surfactants tse peli le tsona ke lintlafatso tse ncha. Ke limolek'hule tse peli tsa amphiphilic tse kopantsoeng ke spacer. Ntho e hlokomelehang ka ho fetesisa ea li-surfactants tsa lisele tse peli ke hore mahloriso a bohlokoa a micelle (CMC) a feta taelo ea boholo bo tlase ho feta ea "cell-cell surfactants" ea bona, e lateloang ke ts'ebetso e phahameng. Joalo ka TEGO Twin 4000, ke mafahla a siloxane surfactant, 'me e na le foam e sa tsitsang le thepa ea ho tlosa lekoba.
Air Products e hlahisitse li-surfactants tsa Gemini. Li-surfactants tsa setso li na le mohatla oa hydrophobic le hlooho ea hydrophilic, empa motho enoa e mocha o na le lihlopha tse peli tsa hydrophilic le lihlopha tse peli kapa tse tharo tsa hydrophobic, e leng motsoako o sebetsang ka bongata, o tsejoang e le acetylene glycols, lihlahisoa tse kang EnviroGem AD01.
1.2 Ea qhalaneng
Li-disperants tsa pente ea latex li arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e mene: li-disperants tsa phosphate, li-disperants tsa polyacid homopolymer, li-disperants tsa polyacid copolymer le li-dispersants tse ling.
Lisebelisoa tsa phosphate tse sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa ke li-polyphosphates, tse kang sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate (Calgon N, sehlahisoa sa BK Giulini Chemical Company Jeremane), potassium tripolyphosphate (KTPP) le tetrapotassium pyrophosphate (TKPP). Mochine oa ketso ea eona ke ho tsitsisa repulsion electrostatic ka hydrogen bonding le lik'hemik'hale adsorption. Monyetla oa eona ke hore tekanyo e tlase, e ka bang 0.1%, 'me e na le phello e ntle ea ho hasana ho li-pigment le li-filler tsa inorganic. Empa hape ho na le mefokolo: e 'ngoe, hammoho le ho phahamisa pH bohlokoa le mocheso, polyphosphate habonolo hydrolyzed, etsa hore nako e telele polokelo botsitso mpe; Ho qhibiliha ho sa phetheheng ha mahareng ho tla ama ho benya ha pente ea latex e benyang.
Phosphate ester dispersants ke motsoako oa monoesters, diesters, residual alcohols le phosphoric acid.
Li-disperants tsa phosphate ester li tsitsisa ho hasana ha pigment, ho kenyelletsa le li-pigment tse sebetsang joalo ka zinc oxide. Meetsong ea pente e benyang, e ntlafatsa ho benya le ho hloeka. Ho fapana le li-additives tse ling tse kolobisang le tse qhalakantsoeng, ho eketsoa ha li-dipersants tsa phosphate ester ha ho ame viscosity ea KU le ICI ea ho roala.
Polyacid homopolymer dispersant, joalo ka Tamol 1254 le Tamol 850, Tamol 850 ke homopolymer ea methacrylic acid. Polyacid copolymer dispersant, joalo ka Orotan 731A, e leng copolymer ea diisobutylene le maleic acid. Litšobotsi tsa mefuta ena e 'meli ea li-dispersants ke hore li hlahisa li-adsorption tse matla kapa tse khomarelang holim'a li-pigments le li-fillers, li na le liketane tse telele tsa molek'hule ho theha tšitiso ea steric,' me li na le ho qhibiliha ha metsi lipheletsong tsa ketane, 'me tse ling li tlatsitsoe ke ho reteleha ha electrostatic ho. finyella liphello tse tsitsitseng. Ho etsa hore li-dispersibility li be le li-dispersibility tse ntle, boima ba molek'hule bo tlameha ho laoloa ka thata. Haeba boima ba molek'hule bo le nyane haholo, ho tla ba le tšitiso e lekaneng ea steric; haeba boima ba molek'hule bo le boholo haholo, flocculation e tla etsahala. Bakeng sa li-dispersants tsa polyacrylate, phello e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea ho hasana e ka finyelloa haeba tekanyo ea polymerization e le 12-18.
Mefuta e meng ea li-dispersants, joalo ka AMP-95, e na le lebitso la lik'hemik'hale la 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. Sehlopha sa amino se adsorbed ka holim'a likaroloana tsa inorganic, 'me sehlopha sa hydroxyl se fetela metsing, se bapalang karolo ea ho tsitsisa ka ho thibela likokoana-hloko. Ka lebaka la boholo ba eona bo bonyenyane, tšitiso ea steric e lekanyelitsoe. AMP-95 haholo-holo ke molaoli oa pH.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, lipatlisiso tsa li-dispersants li hlōtse bothata ba ho phalla ho bakoang ke boima bo phahameng ba limolek'hule, 'me tsoelo-pele ea boima bo phahameng ba limolek'hule ke e' ngoe ea mekhoa. Ka mohlala, e phahameng ea molek'hule dispersant EFKA-4580 e hlahisoang ke emulsion polymerization e entsoe ka ho khetheha bakeng sa liphahlo tsa indasteri tse thehiloeng metsing, tse loketseng ho hasana ha pigment ea tlhaho le ea tlhaho, 'me e na le ho hanyetsa metsi hantle.
Lihlopha tsa amino li na le kamano e ntle bakeng sa mebala e mengata ka acid-base kapa hydrogen bonding. The block copolymer dispersant with aminoacrylic acid as the anchoring group has been given attention to.
Dispersant le dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate e le anchoring sehlopha
Tego Dispers 655 keketso ea ho kolobisa le ho qhalakanya e sebelisoa lipenteng tsa likoloi tse tsamaeang metsing eseng feela ho shebana le mebala empa hape le ho thibela phofshoana ea aluminium hore e se ke ea sebetsana le metsi.
Ka lebaka la mats'oenyeho a tikoloho, ho se ho entsoe lisebelisoa tsa ho kolobisa le ho qhalakanya ka biodegradable, joalo ka EnviroGem AE series twin-cell wetting and disspersing agents, e leng lisebelisoa tse kolobisang le tse qhalakanyang.
2 defoamer:
Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea li-defoam tsa pente tse thehiloeng metsing, tseo ka kakaretso li arotsoeng ka mekhahlelo e meraro: li-mineral oil defoamers, polysiloxane defoamers le li-defoam tse ling.
Li-defoam tsa oli ea liminerale li sebelisoa hangata, haholo lipenteng tsa latex tse bataletseng le tse semi-gloss.
Li-polysiloxane defoamers li na le tsitsipano e tlase ea holim'a metsi, li na le matla a matla a ho senya le a antifoaming, 'me ha li ame khanya, empa ha li sebelisoa ka mokhoa o sa lokelang, li tla baka liphoso tse kang ho fokotseha ha filimi ea ho roala le ho se khone ho sebetsa hantle hape.
Li-defoam tse tloaelehileng tsa pente ea metsi ha li lumellane le mohato oa metsi ho finyella morero oa ho senya, kahoo ho bonolo ho hlahisa mefokolo ea holim'a filimi ea ho roala.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ho entsoe li-defoam tsa boemo ba limolek'hule.
Moemeli ona oa antifoaming ke polymer e entsoeng ka ho hlomathisetsa ka ho toba lintho tse sebetsang tse thibelang likokoana-hloko ho ntho e tsamaisang thepa. Ketane ea molek'hule ea polymer e na le sehlopha sa hydroxyl se metsi, ntho e sebetsang ea defoaming e ajoa ho potoloha molek'hule, ntho e sebetsang ha e bonolo ho e kopanya, 'me ho lumellana le mokhoa oa ho roala ho lokile. Li-defoam tse joalo tsa limolek'hule li kenyelletsa oli ea diminerale - letoto la FoamStar A10, letoto le nang le silicon - FoamStar A30 letoto, le li-non-silicon, li-polymers tse seng tsa oli - letoto la FoamStar MF.
Ho boetse ho tlalehoa hore defoamer ena ea boemo ba limolek'hule e sebelisa li-polymers tsa linaleli tse kentsoeng ka holimo e le li-surfactants tse sa lumellaneng, 'me li fihletse litholoana tse ntle lits'ebetsong tsa ho roala metsi. The Air Products defoamer-grade defoamer e tlalehiloeng ke Stout et al. ke acetylene glycol-based foam control agent le defoamer e nang le thepa ea ho koloba ka bobeli, joalo ka Surfynol MD 20 le Surfynol DF 37.
Ho phaella moo, e le ho finyella litlhoko tsa ho hlahisa liaparo tsa zero-VOC, ho boetse ho na le li-defoam tsa mahala tsa VOC, tse kang Agitan 315, Agitan E 255, joalo-joalo.
Li-Thickeners tse 3:
Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea li-thickeners, tse sebelisoang hona joale ka tloaelo ke cellulose ether le derivatives thickeners, associative alkali-swellable thickeners (HASE) le polyurethane thickeners (HEUR).
3.1. Cellulose ether le lihlahisoa tsa eona
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) e qalile ho hlahisoa indastering ke Union Carbide Company ka 1932, mme e na le nalane ea lilemo tse fetang 70. Hajoale, li-thickeners tsa cellulose ether le tse tsoang ho eona li kenyelletsa hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC), ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC), methyl hydroxypropyl Base cellulose (MHPC), methyl cellulose (MC) le xanthan gum. joalo-joalo, tsena ke li-non-ionic thickeners, hape ke tsa li-thickeners tse sa amaneng le karolo ea metsi. Har'a tsona, HEC ke eona e sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa penteng ea latex.
Hydrophobically modified cellulose (HMHEC) e hlahisa palo e nyane ea lihlopha tse telele tsa hydrophobic alkyl mokokotlong oa hydrophilic oa cellulose hore e be associative thickener, joalo ka Natrosol Plus Grade 330, 331, Cellosize SG-100, Bermocoll EHM-100. Phello ea eona e teteaneng e tšoana le ea cellulose ether thickeners e nang le boima bo boholo ba molek'hule. E ntlafatsa viscosity le boemo ba ICI, 'me e fokotsa tsitsipano ea holim'a metsi, joalo ka tsitsipano ea holim'a HEC e ka bang 67mN / m, mme khatello ea holim'a HMHEC ke 55-65mN / m.
3.2 Alkali-swellable thickener
Alkali-swellable thickeners li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse peli: non-associative alkali-swellable thickeners (ASE) le associative alkali-swellable thickeners (HASE), e leng anionic thickeners. ASE e sa amaneng le polyacrylate alkali emulsion ea ho ruruha. Associative HASE ke hydrophobically modified polyacrylate alkali emulsion ea ho ruruha.
3.3. Polyurethane thickener le hydrophobically modified non-polyurethane thickener
Polyurethane thickener, eo ho thoeng ke HEUR, ke sehlopha sa hydrophobic-modified ethoxylated polyurethane water-soluble polymer, eo e leng ea non-ionic associative thickener. HEUR e entsoe ka likarolo tse tharo: sehlopha sa hydrophobic, ketane ea hydrophilic le sehlopha sa polyurethane. Sehlopha sa hydrophobic se phetha karolo ea mokhatlo 'me ke eona ntho e ka sehloohong e etsang hore ho be thata, hangata oleyl, octadecyl, dodecylphenyl, nonylphenol, joalo-joalo Ketane ea hydrophilic e ka fana ka botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale le botsitso ba viscosity, tse atisang ho sebelisoa ke polyethers, tse kang polyoxyethylene le lihlahisoa tsa eona. Ketane ea limolek'hule ea HEUR e atolosoa ke lihlopha tsa polyurethane, tse kang IPDI, TDI le HMDI. Sebopeho sa sebopeho sa li-asociative thickeners ke hore li felisoa ke lihlopha tsa hydrophobic. Leha ho le joalo, tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka sa lihlopha tsa hydrophobic lipheletsong tse peli tsa li-HEUR tse fumanehang khoebong e ka tlase ho 0.9, 'me e ntle ka ho fetisisa ke 1.7 feela. Maemo a karabelo a lokela ho laoloa ka thata ho fumana polyurethane thickener e nang le kabo e moqotetsane ea limolek'hule le ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng. Boholo ba li-HEUR li entsoe ka polymerization ea mohato ka mohato, kahoo li-HEUR tse fumanehang khoebong hangata ke motsoako oa boima ba limolek'hule tse pharaletseng.
Richey et al. e sebelisitse fluorescent tracer pyrene association thickener (PAT, palo e tloaelehileng ea boima ba molek'hule 30000, boima ba boima ba boima ba 60000) ho fumana hore ka har'a mahloriso a 0.02% (boima), tekanyo ea micelle aggregation ea Acrysol RM-825 le PAT e ne e ka ba 6. matla a ho kopanya pakeng tsa thickener le bokaholimo ba likaroloana tsa latex ke hoo e ka bang 25 KJ / mol; sebaka se nkiloeng ke molek'hule e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea PAT thickener holim'a likaroloana tsa latex ke hoo e ka bang 13 nm2, e leng sebaka se nkiloeng ke Triton X-405 ea ho koloba ka makhetlo a 14 ho feta 0.9 nm2. Associative polyurethane thickener joalo ka RM-2020NPR, DSX 1550, joalo-joalo.
Nts'etsopele ea li-asociative polyurethane thickeners tse nang le botsoalle ho tikoloho li fumane tlhokomelo e atileng. Ka mohlala, BYK-425 ke VOC- le APEO-free urea-modified polyurethane thickener. Rheolate 210, Borchi Gel 0434, Tego ViscoPlus 3010, 3030 le 3060 are Ke associative polyurethane thickener ntle le VOC le APEO.
Ho phaella ho li-linear associative polyurethane thickeners tse hlalositsoeng ka holimo, ho boetse ho na le li-comb-like associative polyurethane thickeners. Se bitsoang comb association polyurethane thickener se bolela hore ho na le sehlopha sa pendant hydrophobic bohareng ba molek'hule e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e teteaneng. Li-thickeners tse kang SCT-200 le SCT-275 joalo-joalo.
The hydrophobically modified aminoplast thickener (hydrophobically modified ethoxylated aminoplast thickener-HEAT) e fetola resin e kgethehileng ya amino ka dihlopha tse nne tsa hydrophobic, empa reactivity ya dibaka tsena tse nne tsa karabelo e fapane. Ka tlatsetso e tloaelehileng ea lihlopha tsa hydrophobic, ho na le lihlopha tse peli feela tse koetsoeng tsa hydrophobic, kahoo synthetic hydrophobic modified amino thickener ha e fapane haholo le HEUR, joalo ka Optiflo H 500. Haeba lihlopha tse ling tsa hydrophobic li eketsoa, tse kang ho fihlela ho 8%, maemo a karabelo a ka fetoloa ho hlahisa li-amino thickeners tse nang le lihlopha tse ngata tse koetsoeng tsa hydrophobic. Ha e le hantle, sena hape ke motsoako oa li-comb. Sena se hydrophobic modified amino thickener se ka thibela viscosity ea pente hore e se ke ea theoha ka lebaka la ho eketsoa ha li-surfactants tse ngata le li-solvents tsa glycol ha ho kopanngoa ha mebala ho kenyelletsoa. Lebaka ke hore lihlopha tse matla tsa hydrophobic li ka thibela ho senyeha, 'me lihlopha tse ngata tsa hydrophobic li na le botsoalle bo matla. Li-thickeners tse kang Optiflo TVS.
Hydrophobic modified polyether thickener (HMPE) Ts'ebetso ea hydrophobically modified polyether thickener e tšoana le HEUR, 'me lihlahisoa li kenyelletsa Aquaflow NLS200, NLS210 le NHS300 ea Hercules.
Mochine oa eona o teteaneng ke phello ea bobeli ba hydrogen bonding le ho kopana ha lihlopha tsa ho qetela. Ha e bapisoa le li-thickeners tse tloaelehileng, e na le thepa e ntle ea anti-setting le anti-sag. Ho ea ka li-polarities tse fapaneng tsa lihlopha tsa ho qetela, li-thickeners tse fetotsoeng tsa polyurea li ka aroloa ka mefuta e meraro: li-thickeners tse tlaase tsa polarity polyurea, li-polar polarity polyurea thickeners le li-high polarity polyurea thickeners. Tse peli tsa pele li sebelisetsoa ho tiisa litlolo tse thehiloeng ho solvent, ha li-high-polarity polyurea thickeners li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa liphahlo tse phahameng tsa polarity tse thehiloeng ho solvent le liphahlo tse thehiloeng metsing. Lihlahisoa tsa khoebo tsa polarity e tlaase, polarity e mahareng le polarity polyurea thickeners e phahameng ke BYK-411, BYK-410 le BYK-420 ka ho latellana.
Modified polyamide wax slurry ke motsoako oa rheological o entsoeng ka ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa hydrophilic tse kang PEG ka har'a ketane ea molek'hule ea boka ba amide. Hona joale, lihlahisoa tse ling li kenngoa linaheng tse ling 'me li sebelisoa haholo-holo ho fetola thixotropy ea tsamaiso le ho ntlafatsa anti-thixotropy. Ts'ebetso ea anti-sag.
Nako ea poso: Nov-22-2022