Konkreite : Thepa, Likarolo tse Ekelitsoeng le Taolo ea Boleng

Konkreite ke thepa ea kaho e sebelisoang haholo e tsebahalang ka matla a eona, ho tšoarella nako e telele, le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo. Mona ke thepa ea bohlokoa ea konkreite, li-additives tse tloaelehileng tse sebelisetsoang ho ntlafatsa thepa ena, likarohano tse khothaletsoang tsa tlatsetso, le mehato ea taolo ea boleng:

Thepa ea Konkreite:

1. Matla a Compressive: Bokhoni ba konkreite ho hanela meroalo ea axial, e lekantsoeng ka liponto ka lisenthimithara tse lisekoere (psi) kapa megapascals (MPa).
2. Tensile Strength: Matla a konkreite a ho hanela matla a tsitsipano, ao ka kakaretso a leng tlase haholo ho feta matla a khatello.
3. Durability: Konkreite e hanyetsana le boemo ba leholimo, tlhaselo ea lik'hemik'hale, ho senyeha, le mefuta e meng ea ho senyeha ha nako e ntse e feta.
4. Workability: Bonolo boo konkreite e ka tsoakoang ka eona, ea behoa, ea kopanngoa, 'me ea phethoa ho fihlela sebopeho le qetello e lakatsehang.
5. Density: Boima ka yuniti bomo ea konkreite, e susumetsang boima ba eona le sebopeho sa eona.
6. Shrinkage le Creep: Liphetoho tsa molumo le deformation ha nako e ntse e ea ka lebaka la ho omella, ho fetoha ha mocheso le meroalo e tsitsitseng.
7. Permeability: Konkreite e khona ho hanela metsi, likhase le lintho tse ling ka li-pores le li-capillaries.

Li-additives tse tloaelehileng le mesebetsi ea tsona:

1. Lisebelisoa tse Fokotsang Metsi (Superplasticizers): Ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le ho fokotsa metsi ntle le ho tela matla.
2. Li-Agent-Entraining Agents: Hlahisa libubble tsa moea tse sa bonahaleng ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa ha leqhoa le ho sebetsa.
3. Retarders: Ho lieha ho beha nako ho lumella lipalangoang tse telele, ho beoa le linako tsa ho qetela.
4. Li-accelerator: Potlakisa nako ea ho seta, haholo-holo maemong a leholimo a batang.
5. Pozzolans (mohlala, Fly Ash, Silica Fume): Ntlafatsa matla, ho tšoarella, le ho fokotsa ho phunyeletsa ka ho sebetsana le calcium hydroxide ho etsa metsoako e eketsehileng ea cementitious.
6. Li-Fibers (mohlala, Steel, Synthetic): Ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa ha crack, ho hanyetsa tšusumetso, le matla a tsitsitseng.
7. Corrosion Inhibitors: Sireletsa litšepe tse matlafatsang khahlanong le kutu e bakoang ke li-ion tsa chloride kapa carbonation.

Recommended Ratitives:

• Likarolo tse ikhethileng tsa li-additives li ipapisitse le lintlha tse kang thepa e lakatsehang ea konkreite, maemo a tikoloho le litlhoko tsa projeke.
• Likhakanyo li atisa ho hlalosoa e le peresente ea boima ba samente kapa boima ba motsoako oa konkreite.
• Litekanyetso li lokela ho khethoa ho ipapisitsoe le liteko tsa laboratori, metsoako ea liteko le litekanyetso tsa ts'ebetso.

Mehato ea Taolo ea Boleng:

1. Teko ea Lisebelisuoa: Etsa liteko ho lisebelisoa tse tala (mohlala, li-aggregates, samente, li-additives) ho netefatsa hore ho latela litekanyetso le litlhaloso tse nepahetseng.
2. Ho Kopanya le ho Kopanya: Sebelisa lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng tsa ho bekha le ho lekanya ho etsa lisebelisoa tsa batch, 'me u latele mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho kopanya ho finyella ho tšoana le ho tsitsisa.
3. Teko ea ho sebetsa le ho tsitsisa: Etsa liteko tsa ho putlama, liteko tsa phallo, kapa liteko tsa rheological ho lekola bokhoni ba ho sebetsa le ho lokisa likarolo tsa motsoako ha ho hlokahala.
4. Pheko: Sebelisa mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho folisa (mohlala, ho folisa ka mongobo, ho phekola metsoako, ho phekola lera) ho thibela ho omisa pele ho nako le ho khothaletsa metsi.
5. Teko ea Matla: Lekola nts'etsopele ea matla a konkreite ka mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea liteko (mohlala, liteko tsa matla a hatellang) ka lilemo tse fapaneng ho netefatsa ho latela litlhoko tsa moralo.
6. Mananeo a Tlhokomelo ea Boleng / Boleng (QA / QC): Theha mananeo a QA / QC a kenyeletsang tlhahlobo ea kamehla, litokomane, le liketso tsa ho lokisa ho netefatsa ho tsitsisa le ho khomarela litlhaloso.

Ka ho utloisisa thepa ea konkreite, ho khetha li-additives tse loketseng, ho laola li-additive ratios, le ho kenya ts'ebetsong mehato ea ho laola boleng, lihahi li ka hlahisa konkreite ea boleng bo phahameng e finyellang litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso le ho matlafatsa nako e telele le nako e telele ea mehaho.