1. Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa cellulose ether
Ka seretse se seng se kopantsoe, cellulose ether ke motsoako o ka sehloohong o kenyelletsoang ka tekanyo e tlaase haholo empa o ka ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea seretse se metsi le ho ama ts'ebetso ea kaho ea seretse.
2. Mefuta ea li-cellulose ethers
Tlhahiso ea cellulose ether e entsoe haholo-holo ka likhoele tsa tlhaho ka ho qhibiliha ha alkali, karabelo ea grafting (etherification), ho hlatsoa, ho omisa, ho sila le mekhoa e meng.
Ho ea ka lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong tse tala, likhoele tsa tlhaho li ka aroloa ka: fiber ea k'hothone, fiber ea kedare, fiber ea beech, joalo-joalo Likhato tsa bona tsa polymerization lia fapana, tse amang viscosity ea ho qetela ea lihlahisoa tsa bona. Hona joale, bahlahisi ba ka sehloohong ba selulose ba sebelisa fiber ea k'hothone (ka sehlahisoa sa nitrocellulose) e le thepa e ka sehloohong e tala.
Li-cellulose ethers li ka aroloa ka ionic le nonionic. Mofuta oa ionic haholo-holo o kenyelletsa letsoai la carboxymethyl cellulose, 'me mofuta oa non-ionic haholo-holo o kenyelletsa methyl cellulose, methyl hydroxyethyl (propyl) cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, joalo-joalo.
Hajoale, li-cellulose ethers tse sebelisoang seretseng se seng se kopantsoe haholo ke methyl cellulose ether (MC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MHEC), methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether (MHPG), hydroxypropyl Methyl cellulose ether (HPMC). Ka seretse se kopantsoeng se lokiselitsoeng, hobane selulose ea ionic (letsoai la carboxymethyl cellulose) ha e tsitsa ka pel'a li-ion tsa calcium, ha e sebelisoe hangata lihlahisoa tse tsoakiloeng tse sebelisang samente, slaked lime, joalo-joalo e le lisebelisoa tsa samente. Libakeng tse ling Chaena, letsoai la carboxymethyl cellulose le sebelisoa e le setei bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse ling tsa ka tlung tse sebetsitsoeng ka starch e fetotsoeng e le thepa ea mantlha ea samente le phofo ea Shuangfei joalo ka setlatsi. Sehlahisoa sena se na le bothata ba hlobo 'me ha se hanyetsane le metsi,' me joale se ntse se tlosoa. Hydroxyethyl cellulose e boetse e sebelisoa lihlahisoa tse ling tse lokiselitsoeng, empa e na le karolo e nyenyane haholo ea 'maraka.
3. Matšoao a ka sehloohong a ts'ebetso ea cellulose ether
(1) Ho qhibiliha ha metsi
Cellulose ke motsoako oa polyhydroxy polymer o sa qhibiliheng kapa hona ho qhibiliha. Ka mor'a etherification, selulose e qhibiliha ka metsing, e hlapolla tharollo ea alkali le motsoako oa tlhaho, 'me e na le thermoplasticity. Solubility haholo-holo e itšetlehile ka lintlha tse 'nè: pele, ho qhibiliha ho fapana le viscosity, ho fokotseha ha viscosity, ho feta ho qhibiliha. Ea bobeli, litšoaneleho tsa lihlopha tse hlahisitsoeng ts'ebetsong ea etherification, sehlopha se seholoanyane se hlahisitsoeng, se fokotsa ho qhibiliha; ha sehlopha se hlahisa polar, ho ba bonolo hore cellulose ether e qhibilihe ka metsing. Ea boraro, tekanyo ea ho fetola le ho ajoa ha lihlopha tsa etherified ka li-macromolecules. Boholo ba li-cellulose ethers li ka qhibiliha feela ka metsing tlas'a tekanyo e itseng ea ho nkela sebaka. Ea bone, tekanyo ea polymerization ea cellulose ether, e phahametse tekanyo ea polymerization, e fokolang haholo; ho fokotsa tekanyo ea polymerization, ho ba le mefuta e mengata ea tekanyo ea ho fetola e ka qhibilihang ka metsing.
(2) Ho boloka metsi
Ho boloka metsi ke ts'ebetso ea bohlokoa ea cellulose ether, hape ke ts'ebetso eo bahlahisi ba bangata ba phofshoana e omileng ea malapeng, haholo-holo ba libakeng tse ka boroa tse nang le mocheso o phahameng, ba e ela hloko. Lintlha tse amang phello ea ho boloka metsi ea seretse li kenyelletsa palo ea cellulose ether e kentsoeng, viscosity, botle ba likaroloana le mocheso oa tikoloho ea tšebeliso. Ha palo ea cellulose ether e eketsoa ka holimo, e ntlafatsa phello ea ho boloka metsi; ha viscosity e kholoanyane, e ntlafatsa phello ea ho boloka metsi; ha likaroloana li le ntle, li na le phello e ntle ea ho boloka metsi.
(3) Viscosity
Viscosity ke parameter ea bohlokoa ea lihlahisoa tsa cellulose ether. Hona joale, bahlahisi ba fapaneng ba cellulose ether ba sebelisa mekhoa le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng ho lekanya viscosity. Bakeng sa sehlahisoa se le seng, liphetho tsa viscosity tse lekantsoeng ka mekhoa e fapaneng li fapane haholo, 'me tse ling li bile li na le phapang e habeli. Ka hona, ha ho bapisoa viscosity, e tlameha ho etsoa lipakeng tsa mekhoa e tšoanang ea liteko, ho kenyelletsa mocheso, rotor, jj.
Ha re bua ka kakaretso, ha viscosity e phahame, phello e ntle ea ho boloka metsi. Leha ho le joalo, ha viscosity e phahame, boima ba molek'hule ea cellulose ether e phahame, 'me ho fokotseha ho lekanang le ho qhibiliha ha eona ho tla ba le tšusumetso e mpe ho matla le ts'ebetso ea kaho ea seretse. Ha li-viscosity li phahame, ho hlakile haholoanyane phello e teteaneng holim'a seretse, empa ha e lekane ka ho toba. Ha viscosity e phahame, seretse se metsi se tla ba le viscous haholoanyane. Nakong ea kaho, e bonahatsoa e le ho khomarela scraper le ho khomarela holimo ho substrate. Empa ha ho na thuso ho eketsa matla a sebopeho sa seretse se metsi ka boeona. Nakong ea kaho, ts'ebetso ea anti-sag ha e hlake. Ho fapana le hoo, li-viscosity tse ling tse mahareng le tse tlase empa tse fetotsoeng tsa methyl cellulose ethers li na le ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ho ntlafatsa matla a sebopeho sa seretse se metsi.
(4) Bokhabane ba likaroloana:
Ether ea cellulose e sebelisoang bakeng sa seretse se kopantsoeng se lokiselitsoeng ho hlokahala hore e be phofo, e nang le metsi a tlaase, 'me botle bo boetse bo hloka 20% ho 60% ea boholo ba likaroloana ho ba ka tlaase ho 63 μm. Bonolo bo ama ho qhibiliha ha cellulose ether. Li-coarse cellulose ethers hangata li na le li-granules, tseo ho leng bonolo ho li qhalakanya le ho qhibiliha ka metsing ntle le ho kopanya, empa sekhahla sa ho qhibiliha se lieha haholo, ka hona ha sea lokela ho sebelisoa ka seretse se seng se lokiselitsoe (lihlahisoa tse ling tsa malapeng li flocculent; ha ho bonolo ho qhalakanya le ho qhibidiha ka metsing, le tse sekametseng ho kaka). Ka seretse se seng se kopantsoe, cellulose ether e qhalakanngoa pakeng tsa li-aggregates, li-fillers tse ntle le samente le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa samente. Ke phofshoana e ntle feela e lekaneng e ka qobang cellulose ether agglomeration ha e kopanya le metsi. Ha cellulose ether e eketsoa ka metsi ho qhaqha agglomeration, ho thata haholo ho qhala le ho qhibiliha.
(5) Phetoho ea cellulose ether
Phetoho ea cellulose ether ke katoloso ea ts'ebetso ea eona, 'me ke karolo ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa. Thepa ea cellulose ether e ka ntlafatsoa ho ntlafatsa ho koloba ha eona, ho qhalana, ho khomarela, ho teteka, ho emulsification, ho boloka metsi le thepa ea ho etsa filimi, hammoho le ho se lekane ha oli.
4. Phello ea mocheso o potolohileng ho boloka metsi a seretse
Ho boloka metsi a cellulose ether ho fokotseha ka ho eketseha ha mocheso. Ts'ebetsong ea lisebelisoa tse sebetsang, seretse se atisa ho sebelisoa ho li-substrates tse chesang ka mocheso o phahameng (ho feta 40 ° C) libakeng tse ngata. Ho theoha ha metsi ho ile ha fella ka phello e hlokomelehang ea ho sebetsa le ho hanyetsa mapetso. Ho itšetleha ha eona ka mocheso ho ntse ho tla lebisa ho fokotseng thepa ea seretse, 'me ho bohlokoa haholo ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea maemo a mocheso tlas'a boemo bona. Li-recipe tsa seretse li ile tsa lokisoa ka nepo, 'me ho ile ha etsoa liphetoho tse ngata tsa bohlokoa mekhoeng ea ho pheha ea linako tsa selemo. Le hoja ho eketsa litekanyetso (lehlabula), ho sebetsa le ho hanyetsa ho phatloha ho ntse ho sa khone ho finyella litlhoko tsa tšebeliso, e hlokang phekolo e khethehileng ea cellulose ether, joalo ka ho eketsa tekanyo ea etherification, joalo-joalo, e le hore phello ea ho boloka metsi e ka ba teng. e fihlelletsoeng ka mocheso o batlang o phahame. E boloka phello e ntle ha e phahame, e le hore e fane ka ts'ebetso e ntle maemong a thata.
5. Kopo ka seretse se seng se lokiselitsoe
Ka seretse se seng se kopantsoe, cellulose ether e phetha karolo ea ho boloka metsi, ho tiisa le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea kaho. Ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho boloka metsi e tiisa hore seretse se ke ke sa baka lehlabathe, phofshoana le phokotso ea matla ka lebaka la khaello ea metsi le metsi a sa fellang. Phello e teteaneng e matlafatsa haholo matla a sebopeho sa seretse se metsi. Ho eketsoa ha cellulose ether ho ka ntlafatsa haholo viscosity e metsi ea seretse se metsi, hape e na le viscosity e ntle ho li-substrates tse fapaneng, ka hona ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea lebota la seretse se metsi le ho fokotsa litšila. Ho phaella moo, karolo ea cellulose ether lihlahisoa tse fapaneng e boetse e fapane. Ka mohlala, ka li-adhesives tsa tile, cellulose ether e ka eketsa nako ea ho bula le ho fetola nako; ka mochini oa ho fafatsa seretse, e ka ntlafatsa matla a sebopeho sa seretse se metsi; ka ho ikemela, e ka thibela ho lula, Karohano le stratification. Ka hona, e le tlatsetso ea bohlokoa, cellulose ether e sebelisoa haholo ka seretse se omileng sa phofo.
Nako ea poso: Jan-11-2023