Cellulose ether (CE) ke sehlopha sa lihlahisoa tse fumanoang ka ho fetola selulose ka lik'hemik'hale. Cellulose ke karolo e ka sehloohong ea marako a lisele tsa semela, 'me cellulose ethers ke letoto la li-polymer tse hlahisoang ke etherification ea lihlopha tse ling tsa hydroxyl (-OH) ka selulose. Li sebelisoa haholo mafapheng a mangata a kang thepa ea mohaho, meriana, lijo, litlolo, joalo-joalo, 'me li sebelisoa haholo liindastering tse sa tšoaneng ka lebaka la thepa ea tsona e ikhethang ea' mele le lik'hemik'hale le mekhoa e mengata.
1. Sehlopha sa li-cellulose ethers
Li-cellulose ethers li ka aroloa ka mefuta e fapaneng ho latela mefuta ea li-substitute tsa sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale. Phapang e tloaelehileng haholo e ipapisitse le phapang ea li-substitute. Li-cellulose ethers tse tloaelehileng ke tse latelang:
Methyl cellulose (MC)
Methyl cellulose e hlahisoa ka ho nkela karolo ea hydroxyl ea molek'hule ea cellulose ka methyl (-CH₃). E na le thepa e ntle ea ho tenya, ho etsa lifilimi le ho tlamahanngoa 'me hangata e sebelisoa ho thepa ea mohaho, ho roala, ho etsa meriana le indastering ea lijo.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ke ether e tloaelehileng ea selulose, e sebelisoang haholo ka thepa ea mohaho, meriana, lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le masimo a lijo ka lebaka la ho qhibiliha ha metsi ho molemo le botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale. HPMC ke nonionic cellulose ether le thepa ea ho boloka metsi, thickening le botsitso.
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
Carboxymethyl cellulose ke anionic cellulose ether e hlahisoang ka ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl (-CH₂COOH) ka limolek'hule tsa cellulose. CMC e na le ho qhibiliha ha metsi ka mokhoa o babatsehang 'me hangata e sebelisoa e le setsi se teteaneng, se tsitsitseng le se emisang. E phetha karolo ea bohlokoa lijong, meriana le litlolo.
Ethyl cellulose (EC)
Ethyl cellulose e fumanoa ka ho nkela sehlopha sa hydroxyl sebakeng sa cellulose ka ethyl (-CH₂CH₃). E na le hydrophobicity e ntle 'me hangata e sebelisoa e le moemeli oa ho roala lifilimi le lisebelisoa tse laoloang tsa tokollo indastering ea meriana.
2. Lintho tsa 'mele le tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa cellulose ethers
Lintho tsa 'mele le tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa cellulose ethers li amana haufi-ufi le lintlha tse kang mofuta oa cellulose ether, mofuta oa substituent le tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka. Lintho tsa eona tse ka sehloohong li kenyelletsa tse latelang:
Ho qhibiliha ha metsi le ho qhibiliha
Bongata ba li-cellulose ethers li na le ho qhibiliha ha metsi hantle 'me li ka qhibiliha metsing a batang kapa a chesang ho etsa motsoako o hlakileng oa colloidal. Ka mohlala, HPMC, CMC, joalo-joalo e ka qhibiliha ka potlako metsing ho etsa tharollo e phahameng ea viscosity, e sebelisoang haholo maemong a kopo ka litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso tse kang ho teteka, ho emisoa le ho thehoa ha filimi.
Lintho tse teteaneng le tsa ho etsa lifilimi
Li-cellulose ethers li na le thepa e matla ea ho tenya 'me li ka eketsa ka katleho viscosity ea tharollo ea metsi. Mohlala, ho kenyelletsa HPMC ho thepa ea moaho ho ka ntlafatsa polasetiki le ho sebetsa ha seretse le ho ntlafatsa thepa ea anti-sagging. Ka nako e ts'oanang, li-cellulose ethers li na le thepa e ntle ea ho etsa lifilimi 'me li ka etsa filimi e sireletsang e ts'oanang holim'a lintho, kahoo li sebelisoa haholo ho liphahlo le ho roala lithethefatsi.
Ho boloka metsi le botsitso
Li-cellulose ethers li boetse li na le bokhoni bo botle ba ho boloka metsi, haholo-holo tšimong ea thepa ea mohaho. Hangata li-cellulose ethers li sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa ho boloka metsi a seretse sa samente, ho fokotsa ho hlaha ha mapetsong a seretse, le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba tšebeletso ea seretse. Lebaleng la lijo, CMC e boetse e sebelisoa joalo ka humectant ho lieha ho omisa lijo.
Ho tsitsa ha lik'hemik'hale
Li-cellulose ethers li bontša botsitso bo botle ba lik'hemik'hale ka litharollo tsa acid, alkali le electrolyte, 'me li ka boloka sebopeho sa tsona le ho sebetsa libakeng tse sa tšoaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale tse rarahaneng. Sena se li lumella hore li sebelisoe liindastering tse sa tšoaneng ntle le tšitiso ea lik'hemik'hale tse ling.
3. Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea cellulose ether
Tlhahiso ea cellulose ether e lokisoa haholo ke karabelo ea etherification ea cellulose ea tlhaho. Mehato ea mantlha ea ts'ebetso e kenyelletsa kalafo ea alkalization ea selulose, karabelo ea etherification, tlhoekiso, jj.
Kalafo ea alkalization
Taba ea pele, cellulose ea tlhaho (joalo ka k'hothone, lehong, joalo-joalo) e entsoe ka alkali ho fetola karolo ea hydroxyl ka selulose hore e be matsoai a joala a sebetsang haholo.
Karabelo ea Etherification
Selulose ka mor'a alkalization e sebetsana le etherifying agent (e kang methyl chloride, propylene oxide, joalo-joalo) ho hlahisa cellulose ether. Ho latela maemo a karabelo, mefuta e fapaneng ea li-cellulose ethers e ka fumanoa.
Tlhoekiso le ho omisa
Ether ea cellulose e hlahisoang ke karabelo e hloekisoa, e hlatsuoa le ho omisoa ho fumana phofo kapa sehlahisoa sa granular. Bohloeki le thepa ea 'mele ea sehlahisoa sa ho qetela e ka laoloa ke theknoloji ea ts'ebetso e latelang.
4. Libaka tsa kopo ea cellulose ether
Ka lebaka la litšobotsi tse ikhethang tsa 'mele le lik'hemik'hale tsa cellulose ethers, li sebelisoa haholo liindastering tse ngata. Mabaka a mantlha a kopo ke a latelang:
Lisebelisoa tsa ho haha
Lefapheng la thepa ea mohaho, li-cellulose ethers li sebelisoa haholo-holo e le li-thickeners le lisebelisoa tse bolokang metsi bakeng sa seretse sa samente le lihlahisoa tse thehiloeng ho gypsum. Li-cellulose ethers tse kang HPMC le MC li ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea kaho ea seretse, ea fokotsa tahlehelo ea metsi, 'me kahoo ea matlafatsa ho khomarela le ho hanyetsa ho phatloha.
Moriana
Indastering ea meriana, li-cellulose ethers li sebelisoa haholo e le lisebelisoa tsa ho roala lithethefatsi, li-adhesives bakeng sa matlapa le lisebelisoa tse laoloang. Ka mohlala, HPMC e atisa ho sebelisoa ho lokisa litlolo tsa filimi ea lithethefatsi 'me e na le phello e ntle e laoloang.
Lijo
CMC hangata e sebelisoa e le setenya, emulsifier, le stabilizer indastering ea lijo. E sebelisoa haholo linong, lihlahisoa tsa lebese, le thepa e halikiloeng, 'me e ka ntlafatsa tatso le thepa ea mongobo ea lijo.
Litlolo le lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi
Li-cellulose ethers li sebelisoa e le li-thickeners le li-emulsifiers le li-stabilizers litlolo le lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi, tse ka fanang ka botsitso le sebopeho se setle. Ka mohlala, HPMC e atisa ho sebelisoa lihlahisoa tse kang sesepa sa meno le shampoo ho li fa maikutlo a viscous le phello e tsitsitseng ea ho emisa.
Liaparo
Indasteri ea li-coatings, li-cellulose ethers li sebelisoa e le li-thickeners, baetsi ba lifilimi le li-suspending agents, tse ka ntlafatsang ts'ebetso ea kaho ea liphahlo, ho ntlafatsa boemo, le ho fana ka boleng bo botle ba filimi ea pente.
5. Tsoelo-pele ea nakong e tlang ea cellulose ethers
Ka tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, cellulose ether, e le e nkiloeng ho mehloli ea tlhaho e nchafalitsoeng, e na le menyetla e pharaletseng ea tsoelo-pele. Ho senyeha ha eona ka lintho tse phelang, ho nchafatsoa le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo ho etsa hore ho lebeletsoe ho sebelisoa haholo masimong a lisebelisoa tse tala, lisebelisoa tse senyehang le lisebelisoa tse bohlale nakong e tlang. Ho feta moo, cellulose ether e boetse e na le monyetla oa ho etsa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele likarolong tse phahameng tsa boleng bo kang boenjiniere ba biomedical le lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele.
E le sehlahisoa sa bohlokoa sa lik'hemik'hale, cellulose ether e na le mefuta e mengata ea boleng ba kopo. Ka botenya ba eona bo botle, ho boloka metsi, ho etsa lifilimi le botsitso bo botle ba lik'hemik'hale, e bapala karolo e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka mafapheng a mangata a kang kaho, meriana le lijo. Nakong e tlang, ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea thekenoloji le nts'etsopele ea mehopolo ea ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, menyetla ea ts'ebeliso ea cellulose ether e tla ba e pharaletseng 'me e tla fana ka menehelo e kholo ho nts'etsopele ea tsoelo-pele e tsitsitseng ea liindasteri tse fapaneng.
Nako ea poso: Sep-24-2024