1 Selelekela
China e 'nile ea khothalletsa seretse se seng se ntse se le teng ka lilemo tse fetang 20. Haholo-holo lilemong tsa morao tjena, mafapha a amehang a 'muso oa naha a kentse bohlokoa ho nts'etsopele ea seretse se seng se le motsoako 'me a fana ka maano a khothatsang. Hajoale, ho na le liprofinse le bomasepala ba fetang 10 naheng ba sebelisitseng seretse se seng se lokisitsoe. Ho feta 60%, ho na le likhoebo tse fetang 800 tse tsoakiloeng tsa seretse ka holimo ho sekala se tloaelehileng, tse nang le moralo oa selemo le selemo oa lithane tse limilione tse 274. Ka 2021, tlhahiso ea selemo le selemo ea seretse se tloaelehileng se tsoakiloeng e ne e le lithane tse limilione tse 62.02.
Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea kaho, seretse se atisa ho lahleheloa ke metsi a mangata 'me ha se na nako e lekaneng le metsi a ho nosetsa, e leng se bakang matla a sa lekaneng le ho phunyeha ha seretse sa samente ka mor'a ho thatafala. Cellulose ether ke motsoako o tloaelehileng oa polima ka har'a seretse se omileng se tsoakiloeng. E na le mesebetsi ea ho boloka metsi, ho teteka, ho fokotsa le ho kenya moea, 'me e ka ntlafatsa haholo ts'ebetso ea seretse.
E le ho etsa hore seretse se finyelle litlhoko tsa lipalangoang le ho rarolla mathata a ho phunyeha le matla a tlaase a tlamahano, ho bohlokoa haholo ho eketsa cellulose ether ho seretse. Sehlooho sena se hlahisa ka bokhutšoanyane litšoaneleho tsa cellulose ether le tšusumetso ea eona ts'ebetsong ea lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho samente, ka tšepo ea ho thusa ho rarolla mathata a amanang le theknoloji ea seretse se seng se kopantsoeng.
2 Selelekela ho cellulose ether
Cellulose Ether (Cellulose Ether) e entsoe ka selulose ka karabelo ea etherification ea e 'ngoe kapa tse ngata tsa etherification le ho sila ho omileng.
2.1 Sehlopha sa li-cellulose ethers
Ho ea ka sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale tsa li-substituents tsa ether, cellulose ethers e ka aroloa ka li-anionic, cationic le nonionic ethers. Ionic cellulose ethers haholo-holo e kenyelletsa carboxymethyl cellulose ether (CMC); li-non-ionic cellulose ethers haholo-holo li kenyelletsa methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC) le hydroxyethyl fiber Ether (HC) joalo-joalo. Li-ether tse se nang ionic li arotsoe ka li-ether tse qhibilihang ka metsing le li-ether tse qhibilihang ka oli. Li-ether tse se nang ionic tse qhibilihang ka metsing li sebelisoa haholo lihlahisoa tsa seretse. Ka pel'a li-ion tsa khalsiamo, li-ethers tsa ionic cellulose ha li tsitse, kahoo ha li sebelisoe hangata lihlahisoa tsa seretse tse omeletseng tse sebelisang samente, slaked lime, joalo-joalo e le lisebelisoa tsa samente. Li-cellulose ethers tse se nang ionic tse qhibilihang ka metsing li sebelisoa haholo indastering ea thepa ea mohaho ka lebaka la botsitso ba tsona ba ho emisa le ho boloka metsi.
Ho latela li-etherification tse fapaneng tse khethiloeng ts'ebetsong ea etherification, lihlahisoa tsa cellulose ether li kenyelletsa methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose ea Ethyl, benzyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose. phenyl cellulose.
Li-cellulose ethers tse sebelisoang ka seretse hangata li kenyelletsa methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC) le hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HEMC) Har'a tsona, HPMC le HEMC ke tsona tse sebelisoang ka ho fetisisa.
2.2 Lintho tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa cellulose ether
Ether e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea cellulose e na le sebopeho sa motheo sa sebopeho sa cellulose-anhydroglucose. Nakong ea ho hlahisa cellulose ether, fiber ea cellulose e qala ho futhumatsoa ka tharollo ea alkaline ebe e phekoloa ka etherifying agent. Sehlahisoa sa karabelo ea fibrous se hloekisoa ebe se siloa ho etsa phofo e ts'oanang e nang le botle bo itseng.
Tlhahisong ea MC, ke methyl chloride feela e sebelisoang e le etherifying agent; ho phaella ho methyl chloride, propylene oxide e boetse e sebelisoa ho fumana li-substituents tsa hydroxypropyl tlhahiso ea HPMC. Li-ether tse fapaneng tsa cellulose li na le litekanyetso tse fapaneng tsa ho fetola methyl le hydroxypropyl, tse amang ho lumellana ha lintho tsa tlhaho le mocheso oa mocheso oa gel oa tharollo ea cellulose ether.
2.3 Litšobotsi tsa ho qhibiliha tsa cellulose ether
Litšobotsi tsa ho qhibiliha tsa cellulose ether li na le tšusumetso e kholo ho sebetsa ha seretse sa samente. Cellulose ether e ka sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa momahano le ho boloka metsi a seretse sa samente, empa sena se itšetlehile ka hore cellulose ether e qhibilihe ka ho feletseng le ka ho feletseng ka metsing. Lintlha tse ka sehloohong tse amang ho qhibiliha ha cellulose ether ke nako ea ho qhibiliha, lebelo le susumetsang le phofshoana ea phofo.
2.4 Seabo sa ho teba seretseng sa samente
E le tlatsetso ea bohlokoa ea slurry ea samente, Destroy e na le phello ea eona likarolong tse latelang.
(1) Ntlafatsa ho sebetsa ha seretse le ho eketsa viscosity ea seretse.
Ho kenyelletsa jete ea mollo ho ka thibela seretse ho arohana le ho fumana 'mele oa polasetiki o tšoanang le o tšoanang. Ka mohlala, maphephe a kenyelletsang HEMC, HPMC, joalo-joalo, a loketse bakeng sa seretse sa lera le lesesaane. , Shear rate, mocheso, collapse concentration le qhala letsoai letsoai.
(2) E na le phello e kenyang moea.
Ka lebaka la litšila, ho kenngoa ha lihlopha ka har'a likaroloana ho fokotsa matla a holim'a likaroloana, 'me ho bonolo ho kenyelletsa likaroloana tse tsitsitseng, tse ts'oanang le tse ntle ka har'a seretse se kopantsoeng le sebaka se susumetsang ts'ebetsong. "Bokhoni ba bolo" bo ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea kaho ea seretse, ho fokotsa mongobo oa seretse le ho fokotsa mocheso oa mocheso oa seretse. Liteko li bontšitse hore ha palo ea ho kopanya ea HEMC le HPMC ke 0.5%, khase ea seretse e kholo ka ho fetisisa, e ka bang 55%; ha palo ea ho kopanya e le kholo ho feta 0.5%, litaba tsa seretse butle-butle li fetoha mokhoa oa khase ha chelete e ntse e eketseha.
(3) E boloke e sa fetohe.
Boka bo ka qhibiliha, ba tlotsa le ho sisinya ka har'a seretse, 'me ba bebofatsa ho thella ha lera le lesesaane la seretse le phofo e kolobisitsoeng. Ha e hloke ho kolobisoa esale pele. Ka mor'a ho haha, thepa ea samente e ka boela ea ba le nako e telele ea ho phalla ha metsi lebōpong la leoatle ho ntlafatsa ho khomarela pakeng tsa seretse le substrate.
Liphello tsa phetoho ea cellulose ether linthong tse ncha tse thehiloeng ho samente haholo-holo li kenyelletsa ho teteaneng, ho boloka metsi, ho kenngoa moeeng le ho lieha. Ka tšebeliso e atileng ea li-cellulose ethers linthong tse thehiloeng ho samente, tšebelisano lipakeng tsa li-cellulose ethers le slurry ea samente butle-butle e fetoha sebaka sa lipatlisiso.
Nako ea poso: Dec-16-2021